Basic · Project #09

🎲 Electronic Dice Roller

Press a button and get a random 1–6 on a 7-segment display — your first random number generator.

📋 Overview

A 7-segment display has 7 LED segments (a-g) that can be turned on/off individually. By lighting specific combinations, you can display digits 0–9. Combined with Arduino's random(), you get a digital dice.

What you'll learn: 7-segment display wiring, segment mapping arrays, random(), and button debouncing.

Estimated time: 45–60 minutes. Difficulty: ⭐⭐ Easy.

🧩 Components Needed

Component	Specification	Qty	Notes
Arduino Uno R3	5V	1
7-Segment Display	Common Cathode	1	1-digit, 0.56"
Resistors	220Ω	7	One per segment
Push Button	Momentary	1	Roll button
Resistor	10kΩ pull-down	1	For button
Breadboard + Wires	Full-size	1

📖 Step-by-Step Tutorial

Wire the Display

Connect segments a–g to Arduino pins 2–8 via 220Ω resistors. Connect common cathode to GND.

Wire the Button

Button → pin 9 and 5V. 10kΩ pull-down from pin 9 to GND.

Upload and Roll

Press the button to roll! A random 1–6 appears on the display.

💡

Use randomSeed(analogRead(A0)) with an unconnected analog pin to get truly random seeds on every power cycle.

💻 Arduino Code

dice_roller.ino

// Electronic Dice Roller — Volt X
// Segments a-g connected to pins 2-8 (common cathode)
const int seg[7] = {2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
const int btn = 9;

// Segment patterns for 1-6
const byte digits[7][7] = {
  {0,1,1,0,0,0,0}, // 1
  {1,1,0,1,1,0,1}, // 2
  {1,1,1,1,0,0,1}, // 3
  {0,1,1,0,0,1,1}, // 4
  {1,0,1,1,0,1,1}, // 5
  {1,0,1,1,1,1,1}  // 6
};

void showDigit(int n) {
  for(int i=0;i<7;i++)
    digitalWrite(seg[i], digits[n][i]);
}

void setup() {
  for(int i=0;i<7;i++) pinMode(seg[i], OUTPUT);
  pinMode(btn, INPUT);
  randomSeed(analogRead(A0));
  showDigit(0);
}

void loop() {
  if(digitalRead(btn)==HIGH){
    int roll = random(0,6);
    showDigit(roll);
    delay(300);
  }
}

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